Project AURIONAI Use-Cases Research & Innovation
Tsinghua University
time series

Sundial (Timer 3.0) base-128m

Tsinghua THUML generative time-series foundation model (ICML 2025 Oral). Context 2,880 time steps.

Tsinghua UniversityTsinghua UniversityChina
Sundial architecture diagram: tokenisation, transformer and flow-matching forecast head.
Levelmodel
Classtime series
Parameters128M
Context2,880
Released2 Feb 2025
Opennessopen weights permissive
Runs onsingle datacentre GPU, CPU server
Statusactive

Benchmark Results

vendor-reportedindependent
GIFT-Evaltime series
zero-shotindependentno test-data leakage
0.75
00.71.4

Score in MASE (geo-mean, normalised to Seasonal Naive). Lower is better.

Leaderboard rebuilt from the published raw results, 143 entries covering all 97 configurations9 Oct 2026 huggingface.co
zero-shot; rank is average CRPS rankindependentno test-data leakage
0.559
00.51

Score in CRPS (geo-mean, normalised to Seasonal Naive). Lower is better.

rank 106 of 143, Leaderboard rebuilt from the published raw results, 143 entries covering all 97 configurations9 Oct 2026 huggingface.co
MASEvendor-reported
no score in the notes
rank 1May 2025 huggingface.co
Where this comes from
Every score names who ran it: vendor-reported, maintainer-run or independent. A rank is shown with the population it was ranked in (gap rule 3).

R&D Topics

Time-series foundation modelsproduced by

Identity

Developer
Tsinghua University
Family
not in the notes
Released
2 Feb 2025 sourcesannouncement page
Weights published
–
Record checked
10 Oct 2026
Where this comes from
Developer and dates from the research notes. Release date is the vendor's public announcement; weights date is when open weights were published.

Architecture and Size

Architecture
flow matching Decoder-only causal transformer, 16-step patches, TimeFlow (flow-matching) loss; output 720; 12 layers
Total parameters
128M sources
Active parameters
–
Checkpoint parameters
–
Context length
2,880 tokens
Input
time series
Output
time series
Where this comes from
Parameter counts as the developer states them. Where the checkpoint holds a different total, both are shown (register A16).

Openness and Access

Openness
open weights permissive
Licence
Apache License 2.0 sources
Access routes
open weights download
Where this comes from
The licence file governs over registry tags and aggregator labels.

Deployment

Runs on
single datacentre GPU, CPU server
Footprint
Integrated into Apache IoTDB Aug 2025
Runtimes
not in the notes
Where this comes from
Deployment tiers and runtimes as named in the notes. Footprint is the notes' figure, not a measurement by AURION.

Indonesia

Indonesian support
not stated
Regional languages
not in the notes
Jakarta hosting
unknown
Languages
not in the notes
Where this comes from
Indonesia fields are carried on every model; unknown is an allowed value.

Lineage

The notes record no lineage for this model.

Industry Use Cases

No industry use case links this model.

Sources

  1. huggingface.co/thuml/sundial-base-128m https://huggingface.co/thuml/sundial-base-128m
  2. GIFT Eval - a Hugging Face Space by Salesforce huggingface.co https://huggingface.co/spaces/Salesforce/GIFT-Eval

To cite this page: Project AURION, AI Use-Cases Research & Innovation, "Sundial (Timer 3.0) Base-128m", https://aurion.semai.id/models/tsinghua-university-sundial-base-128m/, records of October 2026.